{"id":635,"date":"2015-12-04T01:26:02","date_gmt":"2015-12-04T01:26:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/arselectionis\/?p=635"},"modified":"2023-08-29T02:07:56","modified_gmt":"2023-08-29T00:07:56","slug":"ramon-llull-sobre-els-metodes-de-votacio","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mat.uab.cat\/web\/arselectionis\/?p=635","title":{"rendered":"Ramon Llull sobre m\u00e8todes de votaci\u00f3"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/mat.uab.cat\/web\/arselectionis\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2015\/12\/llullKopf.jpg\" alt=\"llullKopf\" width=\"200\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">Retrat de Ramon Llull,\u2009 procedent del <i>Breviculum<\/i>\u2009 (vers 1325).<\/p>\n<p>El passat dilluns 30 de novembre de 2015 es va inaugurar oficialment l&#8217;Any Llull, el qual s&#8217;estendr\u00e0 fins el novembre de 2016 per commemorar\u00a0la\u00a0gran figura de Ramon Llull\u00a0amb motiu del set\u00e8 centenari de la seva mort.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9s ben sabut que aquest autor ocupa un lloc eminent en la hist\u00f2ria del pensament medieval. El que no \u00e9s tan conegut, i m\u00e9s aviat sorpr\u00e8n una mica, \u00e9s que va contribuir de manera molt destacada en el tema dels m\u00e8todes de votaci\u00f3. Com a resultat d&#8217;aplicar les seves t\u00e8cniques combinat\u00f2ries, va proposar diversos procediments per resoldre el problema que presenten les <a href=\"https:\/\/mat.uab.cat\/web\/arselectionis\/?p=20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Votacions amb m\u00e9s de dues opcions<\/a>. Amb aquestes propostes, Ramon Llull introdu\u00efa un punt de vista fonamental, la comparaci\u00f3 per parelles, que cinc-cents anys m\u00e9s tard seria reinventat per Condorcet.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/mat.uab.cat\/web\/arselectionis\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2015\/12\/EgoMagrAL.jpg\" alt=\"Aut\u00f2graf Ramon Llull\" width=\"600\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">Probable aut\u00f2graf de Ramon Llull: <i>Ego, magister Raymundus Lul, cathalanus<\/i>\u2009,<br \/>\nprocedent de la dedicat\u00f2ria d&#8217;un c\u00f2dex al dux de Ven\u00e8cia (vers 1289).<\/p>\n<p>Els escrits de Ramon Llull sobre m\u00e8todes de votaci\u00f3 no han estat posats en valor fins temps relativament recents. S\u00f3n tres, dos d&#8217;ells en llat\u00ed, i l&#8217;altre en catal\u00e0. N&#8217;hi ha una bona edici\u00f3 online, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.uni-augsburg.de\/llull\/\" target=\"blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Augsburg web edition of Llull\u2019s electoral writings<\/a>, la qual mostra facs\u00edmils i transcripcions dels manuscrits originals, aix\u00ed com traduccions a diverses lleng\u00fces. Tanmateix, hem trobat a faltar unes traduccions del llat\u00ed al catal\u00e0, la qual cosa ens ha semblat imperdonable.\u00a0Davant d&#8217;aix\u00f2 hem decidit posar-hi remei. Aix\u00f2 ha estat possible gr\u00e0cies a l&#8217;amable\u00a0col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 del professor Avel\u00b7l\u00ed Andr\u00e9 i Gabi\u00e1n. Les traduccions que oferim s\u00f3n accessibles a trav\u00e9s dels enlla\u00e7os que apareixen en la llista que segueix.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><i>Artificium electionis personarum\u2009<\/i> (abans de 1283) \u2003[\u2009<a href=\"https:\/\/mat.uab.cat\/web\/arselectionis\/?p=462\">traducci\u00f3 al catal\u00e0<\/a>\u2009]<\/li>\n<li><i>Roman\u00e7 d&#8217;Evast e Blaquerna\u2009<\/i> (1283), Cap.\u200924: <i>En qual manera Natana fo eleta a abadessa\u2009<\/i> \u2003[\u2009<a href=\"https:\/\/mat.uab.cat\/web\/arselectionis\/?p=527\">versi\u00f3 original<\/a>\u2009] \u2002[\u2009<a href=\"https:\/\/mat.uab.cat\/web\/arselectionis\/?p=838\">versi\u00f3 adaptada al catal\u00e0 actual<\/a>\u2009]<\/li>\n<li><i>De arte eleccionis\u2009<\/i> (1299) \u2003[\u2009<a href=\"https:\/\/mat.uab.cat\/web\/arselectionis\/?p=472\">traducci\u00f3 al catal\u00e0<\/a>\u2009]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>El contingut d&#8217;aquests escrits es descriu breument a l&#8217;article ja esmentat sobre <a href=\"https:\/\/mat.uab.cat\/web\/arselectionis\/?p=20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Votacions amb m\u00e9s de dues opcions<\/a>. Per un estudi m\u00e9s detallat referim el lector a la bibliografia que donem a continuaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>Per cert, el nom d&#8217;aquest blog est\u00e0 certament inspirat en l&#8217;obra de Ramon Llull. \u2740<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>Bibliografia<\/h4>\n<p>1.\u2002I. McLean, J. London, 1990: The Borda and Condorcet principles: Three medieval applications <i>Social Choice and Welfare\u2009<\/i> 7: 99\u2013108.<br \/>\n2.\u2002I. McLean, J. London, 1992: Ramon Llull and the theory of voting. <i>Studia Lulliana\u2009<\/i> 32: 21\u201337.<br \/>\n3.\u2002G.\u00a0H\u00e4gele, F.\u00a0Pukelsheim, 2001:\u00a0Llull&#8217;s writings on electoral systems. <i>Studia Lulliana\u2009<\/i> 41: 3\u201338.<br \/>\n4.\u2002M.\u00a0Drton, G.\u00a0H\u00e4gele, F.\u00a0Pukelsheim, W.\u00a0Reif, 2001\u201309:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.uni-augsburg.de\/llull\/\" target=\"blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Augsburg web edition of Llull\u2019s electoral writings<\/a>.<br \/>\n5.\u2002J. M. Colomer, 2011: From <i>De arte electionis<\/i> to social choice theory.\u00a0<i>Ramon Llull: From the Ars Magna to Artificial Intelligence<\/i> (A. Fidora, C. Sierra, eds.; Barcelona, Institut d&#8217;Investigaci\u00f3 en Intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia Artificial, CSIC): 61\u201383.<br \/>\n6.\u2002S. Barber\u00e0, 2011: Llull&#8217;s writings on elections from the perspective of today&#8217;s research in social choice: an economist&#8217;s viewpoint.\u00a0<i>Ramon Llull: From the Ars Magna to Artificial Intelligence<\/i> (A. Fidora, C. Sierra, eds.; Barcelona, Institut d&#8217;Investigaci\u00f3 en Intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia Artificial, CSIC): 85\u201393.<br \/>\n7.\u2002J. Barenstein, 2013: Los escritos electorales de Ram\u00f3n Llull: una nueva teor\u00eda de la votaci\u00f3n en la segunda mitad del s.\u2009XIII.\u00a0<i>Revista Espa\u00f1ola de Filosof\u00eda Medieval\u2009<\/i> 20: 85\u201399.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Retrat de Ramon Llull,\u2009 procedent del Breviculum\u2009 (vers 1325). El passat dilluns 30 de novembre de 2015 es va inaugurar oficialment l&#8217;Any Llull, el qual s&#8217;estendr\u00e0 fins el novembre de 2016 per commemorar\u00a0la\u00a0gran figura de Ramon Llull\u00a0amb motiu del set\u00e8 centenari de la seva mort. \u00c9s ben sabut que aquest autor ocupa un lloc eminent en la hist\u00f2ria del pensament medieval. El que no \u00e9s tan conegut, i m\u00e9s aviat sorpr\u00e8n una mica,.. <a class=\"read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/mat.uab.cat\/web\/arselectionis\/?p=635\">Llegir m\u00e9s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":42,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[18,50],"class_list":["post-635","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-decidir","tag-comparacio-per-parelles","tag-llull"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mat.uab.cat\/web\/arselectionis\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/635","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mat.uab.cat\/web\/arselectionis\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mat.uab.cat\/web\/arselectionis\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mat.uab.cat\/web\/arselectionis\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/42"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mat.uab.cat\/web\/arselectionis\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=635"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mat.uab.cat\/web\/arselectionis\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/635\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3116,"href":"https:\/\/mat.uab.cat\/web\/arselectionis\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/635\/revisions\/3116"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mat.uab.cat\/web\/arselectionis\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=635"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mat.uab.cat\/web\/arselectionis\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=635"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mat.uab.cat\/web\/arselectionis\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=635"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}